1. Introduction. Bauxite residue (BR) is one of the main industrial wastes generated during the alumina production process [1].An estimated that 1–1.5 tons (t) of BR is generated when 1 t of alumina is produced [2], [3].The global BR reserves have exceeded 4.0 billion tons [4], [5], [6], and numerous BR reserves remain unreported [7].However, …

The reductive Bayer bauxite residue was carbon thermal reduced for 1 h at a temperature of 1200 °C, with the addition of 7.5% Na 2 CO 3. Following grinding and separation under a magnetic field strength of 0.08 T, the iron grade of the concentrate, iron recovery, and TiO 2 grade in the tailing increased to 95.30%, 98.40%, and 50.50% ...

1. Introduction. Membrane separation technology has been widely used in many fields, such as the preparation of high purity water, the purification of industrial waste gas, food industry and so on, for the advantages of easy installation and operation, energy savings and low cost [1], [2], [3], [4].In the field of water treatment, ceramic membranes …

Processing: The commonly used beneficiation processes for bauxite are ore washing, flotation, magnetic separation, chemical beneficiation, etc., and the tailings can be treated by processes such as tailings wet discharge, dry stacking, and reprocessing. Comprehensive utilization of bauxite tailings: the main chemical components of bauxite ...

Nearly the entire aluminum industry worldwide has adopted the Bayer process for alumina production from bauxite ore [1]. This process generates nearly 1.0 to 1.5 tons of red mud or bauxite residue ...

Solvometallurgy is a new branch of extractive metallurgy in which green organic solvents are used instead of aqueous solutions to improve selectivity in separation processes. In the present study, nonaqueous …

Red mud, also referred to as bauxite residue, is the largest process waste produced during alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer method. Approximately 1–2 tons of red mud are produced ...

Alumina industry is an important basic raw material industry of the national economy, which is a resource-intensive industry with great consumption of energy, water, and ore resources (Zhao et al. 2005).At the same time, the hazard of bauxite residue is the biggest environmental problem facing alumina production at present (Ke et al. …

Separation of diaspore from bauxite by selective flocculation using hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. Wenli Liu Yue-hua Hu Wei Sun. Materials Science, Environmental Science. 2014. Selective flocculation is a new method to solve the problem of China's bauxite de-silication besides flotation and reverse flotation. The method of …

Gravity separation removes silica from crushed ore and magnetic separation separates ferric oxide impurities from the ore. The ore is then concentrated by a chemical process. Bauxite is the name given to aluminium ore. To generate aluminium oxide, bauxite is purified, a white powder from which aluminium can be extracted. Aluminium oxide has a ...

Bauxite residue (BR) is a well promising resource for critical metals, especially scandium (Sc), a rare and expensive metal with increasing applications in advanced technology. Greek BR seems to significantly favor a commercially viable recovery of Sc combining optimized leaching and advanced separation techniques. Leaching with mineral acids …

Mineralogically, the bauxite was predominantly gibbsitic in nature with titanium and iron bearing minerals as main impurities which were intimately and intricately associ-ated with gibbistie. The sample was crushed to —2 mm and classified into 4 size fractions. Each were subjected to the dry magnetic separation using 'Permrol… Expand

A technology for suspension magnetization roasting−magnetic separation was proposed to separate iron minerals for recovery. The optimum parameters were as follows: a roasting temperature of 650 °C, a roasting time of 20 min, a CO concentration of 20%, and particles with a size less than 37 μm accounting for 67.14% of the roasted product.

Fig. 1 General industrial flowsheet for removal of silica from Bauxite Ta b le 2 Characteristics of Sierra Leone bauxite (dry sieving) Sample Fraction %Al 2 O 3 %SiO 2 %Fe 2 O 3 %LOI Fraction %

The batch of fly ash and bauxite (based on the composition of 3:2 mullite; W fly ash:W bauxite = 45.87:100, in mass proportion) was wet-mixed using ball-milling for 12 h. The particle size distribution of the ground mixture is shown in Fig. 1.The d 50 value and average particle diameter is 2.61 and 3.37 μm, respectively. Most of the particles …

The Bauxite/Alumina Industry. Bauxite is a sedimentary rock rich in aluminum oxides, making it a valuable resource for alumina and aluminum production. Jamaica's Bauxite industry has been a driver of economic growth and development since its discovery in the 1940s. The discovery of substantial bauxite reserves on the island attracted ...

The major method of bauxite beneficiation is the Bayer process, which is leaching at 100 °C to 250 °C by a caustic soda solution (sodium hydroxide) followed by solid-liquid separation, cooling, precipitation, filtration and calcination, with alumina as the final product. The process dissolves the majority of the alumina-bearing minerals and ...

After selective reduce roasting–magnetic separation, iron content in the bauxite residual is sharply decreased from 7.98 to 1.34%, the iron removal ratio is 83.21%, and iron-rich magnetic ...

The chapter on bauxite residue (red mud) comprehensively reviews all aspects of bauxite residue from separation, management and disposal through to the ever-increasing use of the Material. Mud washing and the optimum recovery of soda and alumina values is presented. Dewatering options, filtration theory is described in detail and the benefits ...

The removal of iron as magnetite from a high iron bauxite ore was investigated by carbothermal reduction and magnetic separation. Thermodynamic calculations using HSC Chemistry 6·1 were utilised ...

separation of accompanying elements in raw material (re-fining step) must be completed prior to the generation of metallic aluminum (reduction step). Therefore, it is a major issue to create to separation as selective as possible. Hereinafter, three processes for the treatment of aluminum-bearing materials like bauxite and bauxite residue are

The separation of the alumina from the impurities in the bauxite ore is usually accomplished by the Bayer Process. In this process the ground bauxite is leached with caustic soda (NaOH) to produce soluble sodium aluminate (NaAlO2), leaving the impurities in the insoluble residue. The aluminate solution is then decomposed …

No water or chemicals required. In summary, dry processing with the STET separator offers opportunities to generate value for bauxite producers and refiners. The pre-processing of bauxite prior to refining will reduce chemical costs, lower the volume of red mud generated and minimize process upsets. Raju, K. S. 2009.

Bauxite is the main raw material of the alumina industry. However, high-sulfur bauxite constitutes a relatively large proportion of bauxite resource in China. ... WONYEN D G, CHELGANI S C. A review of pretreatment of diasporic bauxite ores by flotation separation [J]. Minerals Engineering, 2017, 114: 64âˆ'73. https://doi. …

As an important industrial application material, alumina is mostly produced by Bayer process for the moment [].Because of the high-grade requirement of bauxite by Bayer process and the decreasing of global high-quality bauxite resources year by year, it is urgent to develop new non-traditional bauxite resources and propose a new feasible …

separation, acid leaching, reduction roasting and high intensity magnetic separation on Indian bauxite ores mainly to reduce iron and silica content (Nandi 1996). A typical bauxite deposit available in Maharashtra State, India contains Fe203 and Ti02, however, can fulfil the refractory specification when these impurities are removed.

The key technology behind this process has undergone industrial validation testing at China Hongqiao Group Limited in 2021. While the iron-rich bauxite residue obtained is not suitable for direct use in the long process of steelmaking due to its elevated titanium content, the separation of titanium minerals from the modified bauxite residue …

Alumina is an important industrial application material [1]. It is commonly used as microelectronic components, corrosion resistant coatings, chemical catalysts and oxidation resistant protective coatings at high temperature [2]. At present, the main production method of alumina in the world is Bayer process [3–9].

For Bauxite B and Bauxite C with A/S of 7.82 and 3.35, the iron recoveries of 65.13% and 79.13% can be achieved with the corresponding TFe of 52.05% and 50.16% in the iron concentrates by gravity ...

Section snippets Synthesis. The commercial bauxite (Ruiyuan Abrasive Sandblasting Factory, Henan, P.R. China) and kaolin (China Kaolin Clay Co. Ltd., Jiangsu, P.R. China), based on the chemical compositions of mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2), were ball-milled and mixed at 300 rpm for 10 h in a roller grinding machine. The mass ratio of …