Uranium Thorium Zirconium

Nature, Sources, Resources, and Production of Thorium

Thorium is a naturally occurring, slightly radioactive element. It is widely distributed in nature with an average concentration of 10.5 ppm Th in the upper earth's crust. In general, thorium occurs in relatively small number in Th-enriched minerals: thorite, thorianite, monazite, bastnaesite, and thorogummite. However, the main world …

Spectrophotometric determination of zirconium, uranium, thorium …

A method is described for the spectrophotometric determination of microgram amounts of zirconium, uranium(VI), thorium and rare earths with Arsenazo III after systematic separation by extraction. First zirconium is extracted into a xylene solution of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) from about 4M hydrochloric acid. Uranium(VI) is then …

Ion-exchange separation and spectrophotometric determination of

Thorium, zirconium and uranium(VI), thus retained, can be chromatographed effectively by elution with 0.025 M sulfuric acid-1 M ammonium sulfate, 4 M hydrochloric acid and I M perchloric acid, respectively3. This chromatographic separation provides sufficiently pure fractions of thorium, zirconium and uranium(VI) to allow …

SOME THERMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF MOLTEN SALTS: HALIDES OF URANIUM

The technique of thermodynamic studies by means of galvanic cells and the processes occurring at working electrodes is described. Measurement of the dependence of the reversible, or stationary, electrode upon concentration, temperature, current density, and time are described for the systems U/UCl/sub 3/ ; Zr/ZrCl/sub 4/; Th/ThCl/sub 4/; and …

Uranium and Thorium Resources | SpringerLink

Thorium and its compounds have been produced primarily as a by-product of the recovery of titanium, zirconium, tin, and rare earths from monazite, which contains 6–8.5 wt% thorium oxide. Only a small portion of the thorium produced is consumed. ... Uranium, thorium, and all other elements heavier than nickel result from the sudden …

Thermophysical investigations of the uranium–zirconium …

1. Introduction. Uranium–zirconium alloys are metallic nuclear fuels and the U–10Zr alloy has demonstrated excellent performance up to ∼20 at% burnup with a given ∼75% smear density and enlarged cladding plenum in the Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) [1], [2].The fuel element design was adopted to accommodate fission gas within …

Minerals | Free Full-Text | Recovery of Uranium, Thorium, …

Eudialyte-group minerals are of scientific interest as important concentrators of rare elements (mainly Zr and REE) in agpaitic alkaline rocks and a potential source of REE, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta for industrial use. Extraction of uranium(VI), thorium(IV), zirconium(IV), hafnium(IV), titanium(IV), and scandium(III) by a binary extractant based …

Feasibility Study of Thorium-Plutonium Mixed …

The cladding material is zirconium; the temperature of the cladding is 600 K. ... The present work introduces the investigation of thorium plutonium and uranium oxide fuels usage in a typical ...

Solved Bombardment of uranium-235 with a neutron …

Question: Bombardment of uranium-235 with a neutron generates tellurium-135, 3 neutrons, and zirconium-99. strontium-99. krypton-103. krypton-101. zirconium-98. strontium-98. thorium-231. Here's the best way to solve it. Hence, the bombardmen …. Bombardment of uranium-235 with a neutron generates tellurium-135, 3 neutrons, and …

TENORM: Hard Rock Metal Mining | US EPA

The mineral zircon (zirconium silicate) generally occurs in nature as a crystal. Most of the naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) found in zircon is uranium and thorium, which is created during the crystallization of the mineral from the molten host rock when it is initially formed. It is very difficult to remove uranium and …

Recovery of uranium, thorium and zirconium from allanite …

Allanite is an ore with a relatively high content of rare earths and yttrium with small amounts of thorium, uranium and zirconium. 2. Experimental section2.1. General details. All the chemicals and solvents were of analytical-reagent grade from E. Merck (Germany)/Aldrich (USA)/Fluka (Germany) and were used as purchased. The stock …

(PDF) Recovery of uranium, thorium and zirconium from …

In nature, uranium, thorium and zirconium are invariably associated with lanthanides and their mutual separation is of vital significance. Most of the natural sources of these elements are lean and elegant separation schemes are required to meet the stringent demands of purity and recovery. A number of alkyl phosphorus compounds such as ...

CONSTITUTION OF URANIUM AND THORIUM ALLOYS

A compilation of constitution diagrams of uranium and thorium alloys is presented. The transformation and melting temperatures of the base metal are discussed, followed by the various alloys in alphabetical order. References are included on each alloy. ... AN EVALUATION OF THE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR OF ZIRCONIUM-URANIUM …

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of trace …

Fig. 1 shows the absorption spectra in aqueous solution of the individual uranium, thorium, and zirconium complexes and Arsenazo III at 0.1 mol L −1 HCl. As this figure shows, there is a clear overlapping of the three spectra. This prevents the simultaneous determination of the uranium, thorium, and zirconium by direct UV–vis …

Recovery and Separation of Rare Metals during the …

Abstract The total concentrate of heavy lanthanides, zirconium, scandium, as well as emanating uranium and thorium can be recovered from the eudialyte ore concentrate breakdown solutions with help of 5-(diphenylphosphoryl)hexan-3-one within one technological extraction stage. The method makes it possible to separate the …

Spectrophotometric determination of zirconium, uranium, thorium …

A method is described for the spectrophotometric determination of microgram amounts of zirconium, uranium(VI), thorium and rare earths with Arsenazo III after systematic separation by extraction. First zirconium is extracted into a xylene solution of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) from about 4 M hydrochloric acid.

TENORM: Hard Rock Metal Mining | US EPA

The mineral zircon (zirconium silicate) generally occurs in nature as a crystal. Most of the naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) found in zircon is uranium and thorium, which is created …

Heat capacity of uranium-zirconium systems | Atomic …

Heat capacity of uranium-zirconium systems Download PDF. G. B. Fedorov & E. A. Smirnov 126 ... O.S. Ivanov and G.N. Bagrov, The Composition of Some Alloy Systems Containing Uranium and Thorium [in Russian], Gosatomizdat, Moscow (1961), p. 5. Google Scholar

MACHINING TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES FOR URANIUM…

@article{osti_4284913, title = {MACHINING TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES FOR URANIUM, GRAPHITE, TITANIUM, ZIRCONIUM, THORIUM, TANTALUM, BERYLLIUM, BISMUTH, LITHIUM, AND STELLITE}, author = {Davis, C}, abstractNote = {Techniqnes are presented which are applicable in machining materinls such as U, graphite, Ti, Zr, Th, …

Thermodynamics of extraction of tetravalent plutonium, uranium, thorium …

Thermodynamic treatment of the experimental data on the extraction of quadrivalent Pu, U, Th and Zr with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) from nitric acid solutions is presented. It is shown that the extraction of all the quadrivalent metals studied is going according to the same mechanism: M(OH)4−i+(4−i)NO3−+2TBP⇌M(OH)i(NO3)4−i·2 TBP. For Zr, i=0, 1, and …

Fabrication and characterization of …

Two uranium–thorium–zirconium hydride fuels of the overall chemical formulae (UTh 4 Zr 10)H 1.9 and (U 4 Th 2 Zr 9)H 1.5 have been fabricated in order to …

Rapid fusion method for the determination of refractory thorium and

Soil samples are fused with sodium hydroxide at 600 °C in zirconium crucibles to enable complete dissolution of the sample. Uranium and thorium are separated on stacked TEVA and TRU extraction chromatographic resin cartridges, prior to isotopic measurements by alpha spectrometry on cerium fluoride microprecipitation …

ANALYSIS OF URANIUM, THORIUM AND ZIRCONIUM

Technical Report: ANALYSIS OF URANIUM, THORIUM AND ZIRCONIUM ... Zirconium and hafrium can be separated selectively in amygdalic acid. The precipitate, containing 0.2 to 3 mg zirconium is dissolved in excess concentrated sulfuric acid and the amygdulic acid, bound to the zirconium quantitatively, can be oxidized into carbon dioxide and water ...